Advances in medical technology have brought to the forefront portable medical instruments. Portable medical instruments such as X-rays, ECG machines and heart monitors play a critical part in saving people's lives everyday.

All digital medical instruments including the simple digital thermometer and digital blood pressure monitor have five basic systems including a Power/Battery Management system, Control and Data processing unit, Amplification and A/D Conversion of the sensor input, display units and sensory element. All these medical instruments have been designed for high precision with fast response time. In addition digital medical instruments are designed for ultra-low power consumption and extended battery life.

These medical instruments are also designed to monitor status of health under difficult conditions. A lot of high end medical instruments are microcontroller controlled handheld devices that operate on battery and take measurements using various bio-sensors. Additional requirements that are fit into most medical instruments include additional memory and wired or wireless interfaces. One of the most basic components that go into any medical instrument is the analog front-end sensor.

This interface in medical instruments amplifies bio sensor and ambient temperature inputs. These inputs are then digitized by an A/D converter. Another core component in digital medical instruments is the microcontroller. This component of medical instruments controls the interface with memory and peripheral devices. It also executes speech-synthesizer software to output voice instructions.

The microcontroller in medical instruments measures and amplified the audio output from the circuits. Some of the other common components in digital medical instruments include memory and peripheral devices such as FLASH drives and USB interfaces. The LCD device and keypad as well as the power management conversion system are other key components of digital medical instruments.

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